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Detroit
is the largest city in the U.S. state of Michigan and the seat of Wayne County.
Detroit is a major port city on the Detroit River, in the Midwest region of
the United States. Located north of Windsor, Ontario, Detroit area is the only
major U.S. city that looks south to Canada. It was founded in 1701 by the Frenchman
Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac.
It is known as the world's traditional automotive center — "Detroit" is
a metonym for the American automobile industry — and an important source
of popular music, legacies celebrated by the city's two familiar nicknames,
Motor City and Motown. Other nicknames emerged in the twentieth century,
including Rock City, Arsenal of Democracy (during World War II), The D,
D-Town, "Hockeytown" (a reference to the success and popularity of
the Detroit Red Wings) and The 3-1-3 (its area code).
In 2006, Detroit ranked as the United States' eleventh most
populous city, with 918,849 residents. At its peak, the city was the fourth
largest in the country, but it has rapidly declined in population since the
1960s.
The name Detroit sometimes refers to the Metro Detroit area,
a sprawling region with a population of 4,467,592 for the Metropolitan
Statistical Area, making it the nation's eleventh-largest, and a population
of 5,405,918 for the nine-county Combined Statistical Area as of the 2007
Census Bureau estimates. The Windsor-Detroit area, a critical commercial link
straddling the Canada-U.S. border, has a total population of about 5,900,000.
Climate
Detroit and the rest of southeastern Michigan have a continental climate which
is influenced by the Great Lakes. Winters are cold with moderate snowfall.
and nighttime temperatures sometimes dropping below 10 °F (–12 °C),
while summers are warm with temperatures sometimes exceeding 90 °F (32 °C).
Average monthly precipitation ranges from about two to four inches (50 to
100 mm). Snowfall, which typically occurs from November to early April, ranges
from an average of 1 to 10 inches (3 to 25 cm) a month.[31] The highest recorded
temperature was 105.0 °F (40.5 °C) on July 24, 1934, while the lowest
recorded temperature was –24.0 °F (–31.1 °C) on December
22, 1872.
Demographics
Metro Detroit suburbs are among the more affluent in
the U.S., in contrast to the poorer areas of the inner-city. As of the
2000 census, there were 951,270 people, 336,428 households, and 218,341
families residing in the city. The population density was 6,855.1 people
per square mile (2,646.7/km²).
There were 375,096 housing units at an average density of 2,703.0 units per
square mile (1,043.6/km²). In 2006, Detroit's population was estimated
to be 918,849, a decline of 3.4% since 2000, showing a much smaller exodus
from the city than in past decades.
The city's population increased more than sixfold during the
first half of the twentieth century, fed largely by an influx of Eastern European,
Lebanese and Southern migrants to work in the burgeoning automobile industry.
However, since 1950 the city saw a major shift in its population to the suburbs.
The city population dropped from its peak in 1950 with a population of 1,849,568
to 918,849 in 2006. This is partly attributable to the construction of an extensive
freeway system during the 1950s and white flight.
As of 2006, the city of Detroit was 81.2% Black American, 14.3% White American,
2.4% Asian American, 0.6% Native American, 0.03% Pacific Islander American,
2.54% from other races American, and 1.5% from two or more races. 3.9 percent
of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race. Non-Hispanic whites accounted
for 10.5% of Detroit's population. The city's foreign-born population is at
5.3%.
A view of downtown Detroit from Belle Isle.There were 336,428 households out
of which 33.9% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 26.7%
were married couples living together, 31.6% had a female householder with
no husband present, and 35.1% were non-families, 29.7% of all households
were made up of individuals and 9.2% had someone living alone who is 65 years
of age or older. The average household size was 2.77 and the average family
size was 3.45.
There is a wide age distribution in the city, with 31.1% under the age of
18, 9.7% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 19.3% from 45 to 64, and 10.4%
who are 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100
females there were 89.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there
were 83.5 males.
The median household income in the city was $29,526, and the median income
for a family was $33,853. Males had a median income of $33,381 versus $26,749
for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,717. 26.1% of the population
and 21.7% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total population,
34.5% of those under the age of 18 and 18.6% of those 65 and older were living
below the poverty line.
The Detroit suburbs in Oakland County, Macomb County, and northeastern
and northwestern Wayne County are predominantly white. Of the African-Americans
who live in the metropolitan area, about 70% live within the Detroit city limits.
Metro Detroit's ethnic communities are diverse and include descendants of the
French founders, as well as Irish, Germans, Scots, Poles, Italians, Greeks,
Albanians, Armenians, Jews, Arabs, and Lebanese who settled during the city's
early twentieth century industrial boom. Metro Detroit has the largest concentration
of Belgians outside of Belgium; Cadieux Street on the city's east side
north of Grosse Pointe constituted the heart of one of the few distinctly Belgian
neighborhoods in the U.S. during the early- and mid-twentieth century. In Detroit
and the metro area, there is a large Chaldean population and a large concentration
of Arab Americans in Dearborn
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